{"id":403,"date":"2019-08-30T23:51:10","date_gmt":"2019-08-30T23:51:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/?p=403"},"modified":"2019-08-30T23:51:10","modified_gmt":"2019-08-30T23:51:10","slug":"a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/","title":{"rendered":"A sacred lake, a swamp, and their forest"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">In the high Andean forests around \u201cPantano de Martos\u201d (Swamp of Martos), in Colombia, the BioResilience\u2019s ecology team gathered in the field to measure forest diversity and the response of the Andean forest to variables of change.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The area, now called \u201cPantano de Martos\u201d, used to be a lake, and one of the venues of traditional ceremonies by the local indigenous communities about 400 years ago. However, later, during colonial and post-colonial times the area was transformed into a swamp, with dramatically lower water levels and channels around it that prevented the recovery of the original water body. Now, the area is a swamp that hosts stable aquatic communities of plants and that provides clues for the understanding of the history and future of these ecosystems.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_389\" style=\"width: 648px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-389\" class=\"wp-image-389 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/files\/2019\/08\/20190403_130846-e1567207481683-1024x672.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"648\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_130846-e1567207481683-1024x672.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_130846-e1567207481683-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_130846-e1567207481683-768x504.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_130846-e1567207481683-1536x1007.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_130846-e1567207481683-2048x1343.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-389\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Landscape view of the Pantano. Photo credit: Julieth Serrano.<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The forest we found in Martos has also been transformed, and areas where land use change, driven by agriculture expansion and tree plantations, are found in a matrix that also has patches of conserved high Andean forest.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_405\" style=\"width: 648px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-405\" class=\"wp-image-405 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/files\/2019\/08\/20190403_082544-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"648\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_082544-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_082544-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_082544-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_082544-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/20190403_082544-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-405\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pastures, degraded forest and conserved areas are found together in Martos. Photo credit: Julieth Serrano.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the high Andean forests around \u201cPantano de Martos\u201d (Swamp of Martos), in Colombia, the BioResilience\u2019s ecology team gathered in the field to measure forest diversity and the response of the Andean forest to variables of change.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1035,"featured_media":387,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,29],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A sacred lake, a swamp, and their forest - BioResilience - Colombia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A sacred lake, a swamp, and their forest - BioResilience - Colombia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the high Andean forests around \u201cPantano de Martos\u201d (Swamp of Martos), in Colombia, the BioResilience\u2019s ecology team gathered in the field to measure forest diversity and the response of the Andean forest to variables of change.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"BioResilience - Colombia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-30T23:51:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/V0600076-e1567179018407.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"998\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"J Serrano\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"J Serrano\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/\",\"name\":\"A sacred lake, a swamp, and their forest - BioResilience - Colombia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/V0600076-e1567179018407.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-30T23:51:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-08-30T23:51:10+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/#\/schema\/person\/2d7a18fc2731a7f8972d540f6faa3aa4\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/2019\/08\/30\/a-sacred-lake-a-swamp-and-their-forest-2\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/V0600076-e1567179018407.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/bioresilience\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/271\/2019\/08\/V0600076-e1567179018407.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":998,\"caption\":\"Limits between paramo and high Andean forest. 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