{"id":1766,"date":"2020-04-17T09:39:53","date_gmt":"2020-04-17T09:39:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.exeter.ac.uk\/medievalstudies\/?p=1766"},"modified":"2024-07-25T15:07:47","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T15:07:47","slug":"learning-french-in-medieval-england-the-first-three-months","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/medievalstudies\/2020\/04\/17\/learning-french-in-medieval-england-the-first-three-months\/","title":{"rendered":"‘Learning French in Medieval England’: The First Three Months"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Just over two months ago, we announced the start of a new project<\/a> based at the Centre for Medieval Studies<\/a> here in Exeter: Learning French in Medieval England<\/em>. Our aim is to produce a digital edition of Walter de Bibbesworth\u2019s <\/span>Tretiz<\/i><\/span>, a rhymed French vocabulary of the mid-thirteenth century that has attracted significant critical interest for its insight into multilingual medieval England. Today, we\u2019d like to take a few minutes to bring you up to date on what we\u2019ve been up to since then, and offer a few hints as to where we might be heading in the near future.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Of course, it\u2019s been a busy couple of months in the wider world as a whole, and the Covid-19 situation has, as you\u2019d expect, had a knock-on effect on our project. In particular, the cancellation of the 2020 International Congress on Medieval Studies, where Edward Mills was looking forward to presenting on the project, has been very disappointing \u2014 although we are all of course in complete agreement with the decision reached by the committee. On a day-to-day level, we\u2019ve shared the experience of researchers around the world in suddenly adapting to working from home, a task that has (in our case) been made far easier by the incredible work of the IT team<\/span><\/a> here in Exeter. We\u2019re very grateful to them for everything that they\u2019ve done at very short notice, from bringing forward the roll-out of a new VPN to opening up access to Microsoft Teams; without their tireless work over the last month, our project (and much of medieval studies in Exeter more broadly) would have struggled to continue working during this uncertain period.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s thanks to support from colleagues, both within and outside of the medieval studies community, that we\u2019re able to bring you up to date on some exciting developments in the project over the past few months. Since our initial blog post a couple of months ago, our work has been focused on transcribing the manuscripts of the Tretiz<\/em>, many of which have (thankfully) been digitised by libraries in the UK and abroad. Transcription is the first step in our editing process, and aims to produce an accurate representation of what\u2019s on the manuscript page before we start making editorial decisions: at this stage, that means we\u2019re expanding abbreviations and recording anything that strikes us as particularly noteworthy, but not normalising letters such as \u2018u\u2019 \/ \u2018v\u2019 or \u2018i\u2019 \/ \u2018j\u2019 (two pairs which are often used differently in medieval manuscripts to how they are today). We\u2019re also preserving the original word-spacing found within each manuscript, which can be a slightly counter-intuitive experience; it does, however, provide some valuable insights into the attitudes and decisions of our individual scribes.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
In full flow: fol. 5v of MS Osborn a56, Beinecke Library, and our (tentative) transcription.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As you can see, we\u2019re transcribing in Microsoft Word. This might seem like an odd decision: why not transcribe straight into an XML editor such as oXygen<\/a>, which is where we\u2019ll soon start encoding? There are three good reasons for this. The first is a practical one: specifically, it gives us a shallower learning curve at the outset. We\u2019re all already familiar with editing documents in Microsoft Word, and can do so instantly with very quick results \u2014 putting \u2018ME\u2019 to mark glosses in bold, marking difficult-to-read characters in red, and so on \u2014 which means that, at this early stage, trends and patterns across different manuscripts are far easier to see in Word documents than they would be in XML. The second reason is rather more subtle: under the hood, XML and Word documents aren\u2019t all that different. That little \u2018x\u2019 at the end the filename in the picture above stands for \u2018XML\u2019, as since 2003, all Microsoft Office applications have used XML \u2018under-the-hood\u2019 (see Microsoft\u2019s own summary<\/span><\/a> for a useful little overview). In effect, this means that we can produce our transcriptions in Word, before then exporting them into XML and marking them up in oXygen. As long as we\u2019re consistent in our formatting, a simple find-and-replace should allow us to preserve most, if not all, of our annotations.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The main rationale behind our decision to use Word at this early stage, though, is one of time. While we start transcribing the manuscripts and indicating what features we\u2019d like to encode, the team in Digital Humanities<\/span><\/a> can observe our decisions, take on board our project\u2019s aims, and get to work on deciding how to represent them in our final XML files. For instance, should we make a point of identifying abbreviations in different <\/span>Tretiz<\/i><\/span> manuscripts, and if so, how should we represent them? These are questions that it will take time to answer, and by getting underway with our transcription in as low-maintenance a way as possible, we can allow these conversations between the different members of the team to continue for longer, giving rise to more \u2014 and better \u2014 solutions in the process. As things stand, we\u2019ve fully transcribed four manuscripts of the <\/span>Tretiz<\/i><\/span>, with several more underway, so there\u2019s plenty to keep us occupied.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aside from our manuscript transcription, we\u2019ve also started work on how the project\u2019s website will look. Since this is where we\u2019ll be hosting our edition, it\u2019s important for us to get this right, and so at this stage we\u2019re focused on producing \u2018wireframes\u2019. A wireframe is essentially a mock-up (in our case, hand-drawn) of what the site could look like, which a developer will then take and transform into a working web page. Not everything that starts life on paper will eventually make it to the website, of course, but working on design at this stage will give us a useful sense of what\u2019s possible (and, within the project\u2019s limited time-frame, realistic) once the site goes live.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
An early ‘wireframe’ drawing for the project site.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As you can see, our latest design \u2014 sketched very roughly, and not at all indicative of what might actually be possible \u2014 is very much centred around allowing users to choose how they interact with the text, its manuscript traditions, and our critical notes, in whatever combination they choose. We\u2019re always keen to hear from readers who are interested in using our forthcoming edition of the Tretiz<\/em>, so please do get in contact<\/a> if you have any thoughts on our design, or any requests for what you\u2019d like to be able to do with the Tretiz<\/em> once it launches. Remember to follow us on Twitter @medievalfrench<\/a> for all the latest project updates, as well as a weekly close look at particular aspects of the text itself on #TretizTuesday<\/a>. We’ve also just launched our project website<\/a>, which we warmly invite you to explore if you’re keen to learn more about both the Tretiz<\/em> and the project itself.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

We hope that this latest update has given you a sense of how the project\u2019s progressing, as well as providing some degree of entertainment for all our readers who are stuck inside. We\u2019ll be back in a couple of months\u2019 time with another post, when we\u2019ll be shining a light on some of the more specific challenges of transcription.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tom Hinton and Edward Mills
Learning French in Medieval England<\/em>\u00a0project\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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