{"id":234,"date":"2019-01-16T11:51:31","date_gmt":"2019-01-16T10:51:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/?page_id=234"},"modified":"2019-01-16T11:51:31","modified_gmt":"2019-01-16T10:51:31","slug":"transient-epileptic-amnesia-tea","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time2site\/about-amnesia\/transient-epileptic-amnesia-tea\/","title":{"rendered":"Transient Epileptic Amnesia (TEA)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Transient amnesia&#8221; refers to repeated attacks of memory loss.<\/p>\n<p>There are a number of well recognised causes of transient amnesia, the most common probably being head injury, followed by transient global amnesia, migraine, drugs and rarely, transient ischemic attacks (&#8220;mini strokes&#8221;). It has recently been recognised that transient amnesia can also be caused by epilepsy.<\/p>\n<p>TEA is often misdiagnosed as either\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/about-amnesia\/transient-global-amnesia\/\">transient global amnesia<\/a> (TGA)\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/about-amnesia\/psychogenic-amnesia\/\">psychogenic amnesia<\/a>. Distinguishing TEA from other causes of amnesic attacks is an important step in developing successful treatment programmes for this form of amnesia and its associated memory deficits.<\/p>\n<p class=\"title\">Diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>A diagnosis of TEA requires the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Recurrent witnessed episodes of amnesia<\/li>\n<li>Cognitive functions besides memory remain intact (e.g. language, attention and decision-making)<\/li>\n<li>Evidence for the diagnosis of epilepsy\n<ul>\n<li>EEG abnormalities<\/li>\n<li>The experience of other common epileptic symptoms, such as, involuntary movements, hallucinations of smell or feeling a swirling sensation in your tummy<\/li>\n<li>A clear response to anti-epileptic drugs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Butler and colleagues recruited 50 patients with TEA using these diagnostic criteria in order to assess the clinical features of the syndrome. They found the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Onset typically occurs in late-middle to old age (median 62 years)<\/li>\n<li>The syndrome predominantly occurs in men (male to female ratio 2:1)<\/li>\n<li>The amnesic attack is brief (typically 30-60 minutes duration)<\/li>\n<li>The amnesic attacks are recurrent (average 12 per year)<\/li>\n<li>Attacks often occur on waking<\/li>\n<li>Often associated with hallucinations of smell &amp; involuntary movements (automatisms)<\/li>\n<li>Clinicians often make an incorrect initial diagnosis of the condition<\/li>\n<li>Memory difficulties involve a mixture of anterograde and retrograde amnesia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Results from our studies have also shown that TEA is associated with two particular types of memory difficulty between attacks:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/initial-findings\/accelerated-long-term-forgetting-alf\/\">Accelerated forgetting<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/initial-findings\/autobiographical-amnesia-initial-findings\/\">Autobiographical amnesia<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In addition, some patients with TEA also notice an impaired ability to navigate around new and familiar routes; called topographical amnesia.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/about-amnesia\/transient-epileptic-amnesia-tea\/description-of-a-transient-epileptic-attack-tea\/\">Description of a Transient Epileptic Attack (TEA)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/causes-of-tea\/\">Causes of TEA<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time\/about-amnesia\/transient-epileptic-amnesia-tea\/tea-treatment\/\">Treatment<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Transient amnesia&#8221; refers to repeated attacks of memory loss. There are a number of well recognised causes of transient amnesia, the most common probably being head injury, followed by transient global amnesia, migraine, drugs and rarely, transient ischemic attacks (&#8220;mini strokes&#8221;). It has recently been recognised that transient amnesia can also be caused by epilepsy. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":230,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Transient Epileptic Amnesia (TEA) - The TIME project<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.exeter.ac.uk\/time2site\/about-amnesia\/transient-epileptic-amnesia-tea\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Transient Epileptic Amnesia (TEA) - The TIME project\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&#8220;Transient amnesia&#8221; refers to repeated attacks of memory loss. There are a number of well recognised causes of transient amnesia, the most common probably being head injury, followed by transient global amnesia, migraine, drugs and rarely, transient ischemic attacks (&#8220;mini strokes&#8221;). It has recently been recognised that transient amnesia can also be caused by epilepsy. 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